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Precautions for Inspection of Single Girder Crane Components
Release time:
2023-11-09
Single Beam Crane Component Inspection Precautions
1. Steel Wire Rope
(1) The number of broken wires within the allowable torsion distance must not exceed 10%, and the wear and corrosion on the surface of the steel wire must not exceed 40% of the original diameter (for lifting molten iron or dangerous crystalline steel wire ropes, the broken wire standard is half that of ordinary cranes).Intelligent CraneMulti-action lifting machinery for vertical lifting and horizontal handling of heavy objects within a certain range. The working characteristic is intermittent motion, meaning that the corresponding mechanisms for material handling, transfer, and unloading operate alternately during each working cycle. The development and use of cranes in the market are becoming increasingly widespread.Bridge CraneFor boom-type cranes, the rated lifting capacity varies with the amplitude, and the lifting characteristic index is represented by the lifting moment. The value marked on the nameplate is the maximum lifting capacity.Gantry CraneThe horizontal distance between the rotation centerline and the vertical line of the material handling device, measured in meters. For non-rotating boom cranes, the amplitude refers to the horizontal distance between the centerline of the lifting device and the rear axle of the boom or other typical axes.
(2) The steel wire rope should be free of twists, dead angles, hard bends, plastic deformations, and severe deformations such as core exposure, and should be well-lubricated.
(3) The length of the steel wire rope must ensure that when the safety hook is lowered to the lowest position (including the pit), at least 3 turns of the steel wire rope remain on the drum.
(4) Two fixed pressure plates at the end of the steel wire rope.
2. Pulley
(1) The pulley should rotate flexibly, be smooth without cracks, and the flange part should be defect-free, without damaging the steel wire rope.
(2) If the groove of the wheel is unevenly worn to 3 mm, or the wall thickness is worn to 20% of the original wall thickness, or the diameter at the bottom of the groove is reduced to 50% of the steel wire rope diameter, the pulley should be scrapped.
(3) The pulley guard should be installed securely, without damage or significant deformation.
3. Hook
(1) The surface should be smooth, without cracks, sharp angles, or other defects. Defects on the hook are not allowed to be repaired by welding.
(2) The hook should rotate flexibly, and the positioning bolts and cotter pins should be intact and securely fixed.
(3) Cracks are strictly prohibited in the dangerous section below the hook and the threaded section of the hook tail.
(4) The wear amount of the dangerous cross-section should not exceed 10% of the original size. The wear amount of the hook liner should not exceed 50% of the original size, and the wear amount of the core shaft should not exceed 5% of the original size. This article is mainly from Zhi Meng.
4. Single Beam Crane Brake
(1) The action should be flexible and reliable, the adjustment should be moderately tight, without cracks, plastic deformation of springs, or edge defects.
(2) When releasing the brake wheel, the gap between the brake shoe and the brake wheel should be approximately equal. The brake opening (one side) should be 1 mm, and for elevators, it should be 0.7 mm.
(3) The friction surface of the brake system of the brake wheel must not have defects that hinder braking performance, and must not be contaminated with oil, grease, or paint.
(4) The surface roughness of the wheel should be 1.5 mm. The wear amount of the brake wheel rim thickness of the lifting and amplitude-changing mechanism should be less than 40% of the original thickness, and the wear amount of the brake wheel rim thickness of other mechanisms should be less than 50% of the original thickness.
(5) If the crane is loaded with molten iron, flammable and explosive dangerous goods, or if it may cause significant danger or loss after the hook slides, two sets of brakes must be installed.
5. Limit Switches and Interlocking Devices
(1) The over-winding limit switch should ensure that when the safety hook rises to the highest working position (electric hoist > 0.3 m, double beam crane > 0.5 m), it can automatically cut off the system power. Newly installed cranes should also have a lower limit switch.
The operating mechanism should be equipped with stroke limiters and mutual induction limiters to ensure that the stroke distance between two cranes is 0.5 m. When the crane is 0.5 to 3 m from the limit end (depending on the tonnage), the power supply should be automatically cut off.
(3) When the lifting cage (car) of the elevator (or lift) crosses the upper and lower terminal stations by 30-100 mm, the interlocking switch should cut off the control circuit. When the horizontal position of the upper and lower terminal stations is 130-250 mm, the interlocking switch should cut off the control circuit, and the limit switch should cut off the main power supply and cannot automatically reset.
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